{"id":5710,"date":"2017-07-19T14:13:53","date_gmt":"2017-07-19T18:13:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/assuredautomation.com\/news-and-training\/?p=5710"},"modified":"2023-02-17T08:48:00","modified_gmt":"2023-02-17T13:48:00","slug":"selecting-valve-end-connections-pros-cons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/assuredautomation.com\/news-and-training\/selecting-valve-end-connections-pros-cons\/","title":{"rendered":"Valve End Connections Pros and Cons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Guidelines for Selecting Valve End Connections<\/strong><br \/>\nThe selection of \u00a0proper valve end connections is driven by the piping specifications of a project. The project piping specifications are dictated by the engineering standards of various recognized technical societies.<\/p>\n<p>These technical societies include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ansi.org\/\"><strong>ANSI<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; American National Standards Institute<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.api.org\/Standards\/\"><strong>API<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; American Petroleum Institute<\/li>\n<li><strong>IEC<\/strong> &#8211; International Electrotechnical Commission<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/codes-standards\"><strong>ASME<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; American Society of Mechanical Engineers<\/li>\n<li><strong>AWWA<\/strong> &#8211; American Water Works Association<\/li>\n<li><strong>BSI<\/strong> &#8211; British Standards Institute<\/li>\n<li><strong>MSS<\/strong> &#8211; Manufacturers&#8217; Standardization Society of the Valves and Fittings Industry, Inc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Below are some of the different types of end connections typically used in piping and valve installations.<\/p>\n<p>_____________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>NPT = National Pipe Thread Taper<\/strong><br \/>\nThis is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on threaded pipes and valves. In contrast to straight threads that are found on a bolt, a taper thread will pull tight and therefore make a fluid-tight seal. Pipe tape should be used on the threads to lubricate and ensure a fluid-tight seal.<\/p>\n<p>Note: The <a href=\"\/26\/\">26 Series<\/a> is a stainless steel NPT threaded end ball valve<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/maleNPTpipe.svg\" alt=\"NPT End Connection\" width=\"640\" height=\"263\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; very common in U.S.A.<br \/>\n&#8211; taper provides very tight seal<br \/>\n&#8211; compact and streamline installation<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; positioning inline components in a specific orientation can be difficult<br \/>\n_______________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>Socket Weld<\/strong><br \/>\nThe valve simply has a socket with an inner diameter the same as the pipe&#8217;s outer diameter. The pipe is inserted into the socket, and is welded around the rim as shown below. Socket weld connections are usually reserved for smaller sizes, typically 2&#8243; and below.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/socket-weld.svg\" alt=\"Socket Weld End Connection\" width=\"568\" height=\"285\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; low cost<br \/>\n&#8211; eliminates the risk of leakage<br \/>\n&#8211; compact and streamline installation<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; requires a skilled welder for installation<br \/>\n&#8211; makes installation permanent, therefore making replacement more difficult<br \/>\n&#8211; valves without heat sink may need to be disassembled during installation to avoid damaging seats and seals<br \/>\n__________________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>Tri-Clamp<\/strong><br \/>\nAlso referred to as tri-clover, t-clamp, or sanitary clamp. These connections use a collar ring that tightens around the flanged ends and squeezes then together with a gasket in between. The squeezing force is created by the wedge shape of the flanges being forced deeper and deeper into the wedge shaped groove in the collar ring. There are various different collar styles including two-segment single hinge (shown below), three-segment double hinge, and two-bolt high pressure.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/tri-clamp-connections.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"579\" height=\"230\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; easy to install and remove for maintenance<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; added cost due to precision machining and surface polishing required for sanitary certification<br \/>\n________________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>Glue Socket<\/strong><br \/>\nGlue socket connections are also referred to a slip-fit, friction fit, pipe end, or spigot connections. They are very simple. The inner diameter of a glue socket connection matches the outer diameter of the pipe, which simply inserts into the socket. PVC cement is used to attach PVC or CPVC valves to PVC or CPVC pipes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/glue-socket.svg\" alt=\"Glue Socket End Connection\" width=\"549\" height=\"269\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; very common<br \/>\n&#8211; easy to install<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; permanent attachment &#8211; is not removable (however &#8220;true-union&#8221; socket weld connections will allow removal of valve &#8211; see below)<br \/>\n__________________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>True-Union<\/strong><br \/>\nA valve with true union connections uses threaded collars to attach &#8220;tail-piece&#8221; fittings of any other connection type to the valve. This could be glue socket (slip fittings), flanges, threaded, or even welded.\u00a0This setup allows for easy removal of the valve without disconnecting the other fitting; \u00a0once the collars are loosened \u00a0the valve can be removed.<\/p>\n<p>This connection type is most common on PVC valves. On some valves, it also adds the ability to adjust the tightness of the seats on the ball or replace the seats and\/or ball completely.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Note:<\/em><\/strong> Our <a href=\"\/P2\/\">P2<\/a> series and <a href=\"\/PTP\/\">PTP series<\/a> ball valves ship with both NPT and Glue Socket true union connections, with the selected type attached to the valve.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/true-union.svg\" alt=\"True Union End Connection\" width=\"553\" height=\"271\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; allows for easy removal of valve from pipe<br \/>\n&#8211; allows for acces to internals for adjustment of seat\/ball tightness or replacement<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; adds bulk and weight to valve<br \/>\n&#8211; collars can vibrate loose if not equipped with the Dual Block collar locking system.<br \/>\n______________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>ANSI Flange (for ball valves)<\/strong><br \/>\nThe valve has a flanges with bolt holes used to bolt it to matching flanges on the pipe. Flanged connections make removal and replacement easy. Flanged connections are common on larger valve sizes.<\/p>\n<p>There are different class ratings for these flange types: 150, 300, &amp; 600. The higher the number, the higher the pressure that can be handled. The same size flange gets thicker, uses more bolts, and has a larger bolt circle on a class 300 when compared to a class 150. The flange gets even thicker for a class 600. Gaskets must be used where these flanges mate.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/flanged.svg\" alt=\"Flanged End Connection\" width=\"557\" height=\"254\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; easy to install and remove for maintenance<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; take up more space in pipeline<br \/>\n&#8211; can add significant weight on larger sizes<br \/>\n___________________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>Lugged Flange (for butterfly valves)<\/strong><br \/>\nThe butterfly valve has a flange with tapped bolt holes in the body which are used to attach to matching flanges on the pipe. Flanged connections make removal and replacement easy and allow for a compact installation especially on large diameter valves.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/lugged.svg\" alt=\"Lugged Flange End Connection\" width=\"553\" height=\"188\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; can be installed in &#8220;Dead-End&#8221; service, where there is no downstream pipeline<br \/>\n<strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; higher cost and increased weight when compared to wafer flange connection of the same size<br \/>\n__________________________________________________________________________________<br \/>\n<strong>Wafer Flange (for butterfly valves)<\/strong><br \/>\nThe valve has a flange with holes that bolts pass through freely to flanges on both the inlet and outlet pipes. When the nuts on these bolts are tightened, the flanges are pulled together &#8220;sandwiching&#8221; the valve between them. Flanged connections make removal and replacement easy. Wafer flange connections are used on butterfly valves, where the end-to-end length of the valve is short.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5711\" src=\"\/help\/images\/wafer.svg\" alt=\"Wafer Flange End Connection\" width=\"569\" height=\"228\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pros:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; lower cost, lower weight<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cons:<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; cannot be used in &#8220;Dead-End&#8221; service<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/om120.infusionsoft.com\/app\/form\/iframe\/7403f70be49e1b5e4331dfe763cc5a3c\"><\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guidelines for Selecting Valve End Connections The selection of \u00a0proper valve end connections is driven by the piping specifications of a project. The project piping specifications are dictated by the engineering standards of various recognized technical societies. These technical societies include: ANSI &#8211; American National Standards Institute API &#8211; American Petroleum Institute IEC &#8211; International [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":7662,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-with-sidebar","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,5],"tags":[460,458,461,455,456,457,459,463,462],"class_list":["post-5710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-installationandtraining","category-automatednews","tag-ansi-flange-end-connection","tag-glue-socket-end-connections","tag-lugged-flange-end-connections","tag-npt-end-connection","tag-socket-weld-end-connection","tag-tri-clamp-end-connection","tag-true-union-end-connections","tag-valve-end-connections","tag-wafer-flange-end-connection"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Valve End Connections Pros and Cons<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Guidelines for Selecting Valve End Connections. 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